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Reference for ultralytics/data/loaders.py

Note

This file is available at https://github.com/ultralytics/ultralytics/blob/main/ultralytics/data/loaders.py. If you spot a problem please help fix it by contributing a Pull Request 🛠️. Thank you 🙏!


ultralytics.data.loaders.SourceTypes dataclass

SourceTypes(
    stream: bool = False,
    screenshot: bool = False,
    from_img: bool = False,
    tensor: bool = False,
)

Class to represent various types of input sources for predictions.

This class uses dataclass to define boolean flags for different types of input sources that can be used for making predictions with YOLO models.

Attributes:

Name Type Description
stream bool

Flag indicating if the input source is a video stream.

screenshot bool

Flag indicating if the input source is a screenshot.

from_img bool

Flag indicating if the input source is an image file.

Examples:

>>> source_types = SourceTypes(stream=True, screenshot=False, from_img=False)
>>> print(source_types.stream)
True
>>> print(source_types.from_img)
False





ultralytics.data.loaders.LoadStreams

LoadStreams(sources='file.streams', vid_stride=1, buffer=False)

Stream Loader for various types of video streams.

Supports RTSP, RTMP, HTTP, and TCP streams. This class handles the loading and processing of multiple video streams simultaneously, making it suitable for real-time video analysis tasks.

Attributes:

Name Type Description
sources List[str]

The source input paths or URLs for the video streams.

vid_stride int

Video frame-rate stride.

buffer bool

Whether to buffer input streams.

running bool

Flag to indicate if the streaming thread is running.

mode str

Set to 'stream' indicating real-time capture.

imgs List[List[ndarray]]

List of image frames for each stream.

fps List[float]

List of FPS for each stream.

frames List[int]

List of total frames for each stream.

threads List[Thread]

List of threads for each stream.

shape List[Tuple[int, int, int]]

List of shapes for each stream.

caps List[VideoCapture]

List of cv2.VideoCapture objects for each stream.

bs int

Batch size for processing.

Methods:

Name Description
update

Read stream frames in daemon thread.

close

Close stream loader and release resources.

__iter__

Returns an iterator object for the class.

__next__

Returns source paths, transformed, and original images for processing.

__len__

Return the length of the sources object.

Examples:

>>> stream_loader = LoadStreams("rtsp://example.com/stream1.mp4")
>>> for sources, imgs, _ in stream_loader:
...     # Process the images
...     pass
>>> stream_loader.close()
Notes
  • The class uses threading to efficiently load frames from multiple streams simultaneously.
  • It automatically handles YouTube links, converting them to the best available stream URL.
  • The class implements a buffer system to manage frame storage and retrieval.
Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def __init__(self, sources="file.streams", vid_stride=1, buffer=False):
    """Initialize stream loader for multiple video sources, supporting various stream types."""
    torch.backends.cudnn.benchmark = True  # faster for fixed-size inference
    self.buffer = buffer  # buffer input streams
    self.running = True  # running flag for Thread
    self.mode = "stream"
    self.vid_stride = vid_stride  # video frame-rate stride

    sources = Path(sources).read_text().rsplit() if os.path.isfile(sources) else [sources]
    n = len(sources)
    self.bs = n
    self.fps = [0] * n  # frames per second
    self.frames = [0] * n
    self.threads = [None] * n
    self.caps = [None] * n  # video capture objects
    self.imgs = [[] for _ in range(n)]  # images
    self.shape = [[] for _ in range(n)]  # image shapes
    self.sources = [ops.clean_str(x) for x in sources]  # clean source names for later
    for i, s in enumerate(sources):  # index, source
        # Start thread to read frames from video stream
        st = f"{i + 1}/{n}: {s}... "
        if urlparse(s).hostname in {"www.youtube.com", "youtube.com", "youtu.be"}:  # if source is YouTube video
            # YouTube format i.e. 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jsn8D3aC840' or 'https://youtu.be/Jsn8D3aC840'
            s = get_best_youtube_url(s)
        s = eval(s) if s.isnumeric() else s  # i.e. s = '0' local webcam
        if s == 0 and (IS_COLAB or IS_KAGGLE):
            raise NotImplementedError(
                "'source=0' webcam not supported in Colab and Kaggle notebooks. "
                "Try running 'source=0' in a local environment."
            )
        self.caps[i] = cv2.VideoCapture(s)  # store video capture object
        if not self.caps[i].isOpened():
            raise ConnectionError(f"{st}Failed to open {s}")
        w = int(self.caps[i].get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH))
        h = int(self.caps[i].get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT))
        fps = self.caps[i].get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FPS)  # warning: may return 0 or nan
        self.frames[i] = max(int(self.caps[i].get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT)), 0) or float(
            "inf"
        )  # infinite stream fallback
        self.fps[i] = max((fps if math.isfinite(fps) else 0) % 100, 0) or 30  # 30 FPS fallback

        success, im = self.caps[i].read()  # guarantee first frame
        if not success or im is None:
            raise ConnectionError(f"{st}Failed to read images from {s}")
        self.imgs[i].append(im)
        self.shape[i] = im.shape
        self.threads[i] = Thread(target=self.update, args=([i, self.caps[i], s]), daemon=True)
        LOGGER.info(f"{st}Success ✅ ({self.frames[i]} frames of shape {w}x{h} at {self.fps[i]:.2f} FPS)")
        self.threads[i].start()
    LOGGER.info("")  # newline

__iter__

__iter__()

Iterates through YOLO image feed and re-opens unresponsive streams.

Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def __iter__(self):
    """Iterates through YOLO image feed and re-opens unresponsive streams."""
    self.count = -1
    return self

__len__

__len__()

Return the number of video streams in the LoadStreams object.

Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def __len__(self):
    """Return the number of video streams in the LoadStreams object."""
    return self.bs  # 1E12 frames = 32 streams at 30 FPS for 30 years

__next__

__next__()

Returns the next batch of frames from multiple video streams for processing.

Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def __next__(self):
    """Returns the next batch of frames from multiple video streams for processing."""
    self.count += 1

    images = []
    for i, x in enumerate(self.imgs):
        # Wait until a frame is available in each buffer
        while not x:
            if not self.threads[i].is_alive() or cv2.waitKey(1) == ord("q"):  # q to quit
                self.close()
                raise StopIteration
            time.sleep(1 / min(self.fps))
            x = self.imgs[i]
            if not x:
                LOGGER.warning(f"WARNING ⚠️ Waiting for stream {i}")

        # Get and remove the first frame from imgs buffer
        if self.buffer:
            images.append(x.pop(0))

        # Get the last frame, and clear the rest from the imgs buffer
        else:
            images.append(x.pop(-1) if x else np.zeros(self.shape[i], dtype=np.uint8))
            x.clear()

    return self.sources, images, [""] * self.bs

close

close()

Terminates stream loader, stops threads, and releases video capture resources.

Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def close(self):
    """Terminates stream loader, stops threads, and releases video capture resources."""
    self.running = False  # stop flag for Thread
    for thread in self.threads:
        if thread.is_alive():
            thread.join(timeout=5)  # Add timeout
    for cap in self.caps:  # Iterate through the stored VideoCapture objects
        try:
            cap.release()  # release video capture
        except Exception as e:
            LOGGER.warning(f"WARNING ⚠️ Could not release VideoCapture object: {e}")
    cv2.destroyAllWindows()

update

update(i, cap, stream)

Read stream frames in daemon thread and update image buffer.

Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def update(self, i, cap, stream):
    """Read stream frames in daemon thread and update image buffer."""
    n, f = 0, self.frames[i]  # frame number, frame array
    while self.running and cap.isOpened() and n < (f - 1):
        if len(self.imgs[i]) < 30:  # keep a <=30-image buffer
            n += 1
            cap.grab()  # .read() = .grab() followed by .retrieve()
            if n % self.vid_stride == 0:
                success, im = cap.retrieve()
                if not success:
                    im = np.zeros(self.shape[i], dtype=np.uint8)
                    LOGGER.warning("WARNING ⚠️ Video stream unresponsive, please check your IP camera connection.")
                    cap.open(stream)  # re-open stream if signal was lost
                if self.buffer:
                    self.imgs[i].append(im)
                else:
                    self.imgs[i] = [im]
        else:
            time.sleep(0.01)  # wait until the buffer is empty





ultralytics.data.loaders.LoadScreenshots

LoadScreenshots(source)

Ultralytics screenshot dataloader for capturing and processing screen images.

This class manages the loading of screenshot images for processing with YOLO. It is suitable for use with yolo predict source=screen.

Attributes:

Name Type Description
source str

The source input indicating which screen to capture.

screen int

The screen number to capture.

left int

The left coordinate for screen capture area.

top int

The top coordinate for screen capture area.

width int

The width of the screen capture area.

height int

The height of the screen capture area.

mode str

Set to 'stream' indicating real-time capture.

frame int

Counter for captured frames.

sct mss

Screen capture object from mss library.

bs int

Batch size, set to 1.

fps int

Frames per second, set to 30.

monitor Dict[str, int]

Monitor configuration details.

Methods:

Name Description
__iter__

Returns an iterator object.

__next__

Captures the next screenshot and returns it.

Examples:

>>> loader = LoadScreenshots("0 100 100 640 480")  # screen 0, top-left (100,100), 640x480
>>> for source, im, im0s, vid_cap, s in loader:
...     print(f"Captured frame: {im.shape}")
Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def __init__(self, source):
    """Initialize screenshot capture with specified screen and region parameters."""
    check_requirements("mss")
    import mss  # noqa

    source, *params = source.split()
    self.screen, left, top, width, height = 0, None, None, None, None  # default to full screen 0
    if len(params) == 1:
        self.screen = int(params[0])
    elif len(params) == 4:
        left, top, width, height = (int(x) for x in params)
    elif len(params) == 5:
        self.screen, left, top, width, height = (int(x) for x in params)
    self.mode = "stream"
    self.frame = 0
    self.sct = mss.mss()
    self.bs = 1
    self.fps = 30

    # Parse monitor shape
    monitor = self.sct.monitors[self.screen]
    self.top = monitor["top"] if top is None else (monitor["top"] + top)
    self.left = monitor["left"] if left is None else (monitor["left"] + left)
    self.width = width or monitor["width"]
    self.height = height or monitor["height"]
    self.monitor = {"left": self.left, "top": self.top, "width": self.width, "height": self.height}

__iter__

__iter__()

Yields the next screenshot image from the specified screen or region for processing.

Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def __iter__(self):
    """Yields the next screenshot image from the specified screen or region for processing."""
    return self

__next__

__next__()

Captures and returns the next screenshot as a numpy array using the mss library.

Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def __next__(self):
    """Captures and returns the next screenshot as a numpy array using the mss library."""
    im0 = np.asarray(self.sct.grab(self.monitor))[:, :, :3]  # BGRA to BGR
    s = f"screen {self.screen} (LTWH): {self.left},{self.top},{self.width},{self.height}: "

    self.frame += 1
    return [str(self.screen)], [im0], [s]  # screen, img, string





ultralytics.data.loaders.LoadImagesAndVideos

LoadImagesAndVideos(path, batch=1, vid_stride=1)

A class for loading and processing images and videos for YOLO object detection.

This class manages the loading and pre-processing of image and video data from various sources, including single image files, video files, and lists of image and video paths.

Attributes:

Name Type Description
files List[str]

List of image and video file paths.

nf int

Total number of files (images and videos).

video_flag List[bool]

Flags indicating whether a file is a video (True) or an image (False).

mode str

Current mode, 'image' or 'video'.

vid_stride int

Stride for video frame-rate.

bs int

Batch size.

cap VideoCapture

Video capture object for OpenCV.

frame int

Frame counter for video.

frames int

Total number of frames in the video.

count int

Counter for iteration, initialized at 0 during iter().

ni int

Number of images.

Methods:

Name Description
__iter__

Returns an iterator object for VideoStream or ImageFolder.

__next__

Returns the next batch of images or video frames along with their paths and metadata.

_new_video

Creates a new video capture object for the given path.

__len__

Returns the number of batches in the object.

Examples:

>>> loader = LoadImagesAndVideos("path/to/data", batch=32, vid_stride=1)
>>> for paths, imgs, info in loader:
...     # Process batch of images or video frames
...     pass
Notes
  • Supports various image formats including HEIC.
  • Handles both local files and directories.
  • Can read from a text file containing paths to images and videos.
Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def __init__(self, path, batch=1, vid_stride=1):
    """Initialize dataloader for images and videos, supporting various input formats."""
    parent = None
    if isinstance(path, str) and Path(path).suffix == ".txt":  # *.txt file with img/vid/dir on each line
        parent = Path(path).parent
        path = Path(path).read_text().splitlines()  # list of sources
    files = []
    for p in sorted(path) if isinstance(path, (list, tuple)) else [path]:
        a = str(Path(p).absolute())  # do not use .resolve() https://github.com/ultralytics/ultralytics/issues/2912
        if "*" in a:
            files.extend(sorted(glob.glob(a, recursive=True)))  # glob
        elif os.path.isdir(a):
            files.extend(sorted(glob.glob(os.path.join(a, "*.*"))))  # dir
        elif os.path.isfile(a):
            files.append(a)  # files (absolute or relative to CWD)
        elif parent and (parent / p).is_file():
            files.append(str((parent / p).absolute()))  # files (relative to *.txt file parent)
        else:
            raise FileNotFoundError(f"{p} does not exist")

    # Define files as images or videos
    images, videos = [], []
    for f in files:
        suffix = f.split(".")[-1].lower()  # Get file extension without the dot and lowercase
        if suffix in IMG_FORMATS:
            images.append(f)
        elif suffix in VID_FORMATS:
            videos.append(f)
    ni, nv = len(images), len(videos)

    self.files = images + videos
    self.nf = ni + nv  # number of files
    self.ni = ni  # number of images
    self.video_flag = [False] * ni + [True] * nv
    self.mode = "video" if ni == 0 else "image"  # default to video if no images
    self.vid_stride = vid_stride  # video frame-rate stride
    self.bs = batch
    if any(videos):
        self._new_video(videos[0])  # new video
    else:
        self.cap = None
    if self.nf == 0:
        raise FileNotFoundError(f"No images or videos found in {p}. {FORMATS_HELP_MSG}")

__iter__

__iter__()

Iterates through image/video files, yielding source paths, images, and metadata.

Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def __iter__(self):
    """Iterates through image/video files, yielding source paths, images, and metadata."""
    self.count = 0
    return self

__len__

__len__()

Returns the number of files (images and videos) in the dataset.

Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def __len__(self):
    """Returns the number of files (images and videos) in the dataset."""
    return math.ceil(self.nf / self.bs)  # number of batches

__next__

__next__()

Returns the next batch of images or video frames with their paths and metadata.

Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def __next__(self):
    """Returns the next batch of images or video frames with their paths and metadata."""
    paths, imgs, info = [], [], []
    while len(imgs) < self.bs:
        if self.count >= self.nf:  # end of file list
            if imgs:
                return paths, imgs, info  # return last partial batch
            else:
                raise StopIteration

        path = self.files[self.count]
        if self.video_flag[self.count]:
            self.mode = "video"
            if not self.cap or not self.cap.isOpened():
                self._new_video(path)

            success = False
            for _ in range(self.vid_stride):
                success = self.cap.grab()
                if not success:
                    break  # end of video or failure

            if success:
                success, im0 = self.cap.retrieve()
                if success:
                    self.frame += 1
                    paths.append(path)
                    imgs.append(im0)
                    info.append(f"video {self.count + 1}/{self.nf} (frame {self.frame}/{self.frames}) {path}: ")
                    if self.frame == self.frames:  # end of video
                        self.count += 1
                        self.cap.release()
            else:
                # Move to the next file if the current video ended or failed to open
                self.count += 1
                if self.cap:
                    self.cap.release()
                if self.count < self.nf:
                    self._new_video(self.files[self.count])
        else:
            # Handle image files (including HEIC)
            self.mode = "image"
            if path.split(".")[-1].lower() == "heic":
                # Load HEIC image using Pillow with pillow-heif
                check_requirements("pillow-heif")

                from pillow_heif import register_heif_opener

                register_heif_opener()  # Register HEIF opener with Pillow
                with Image.open(path) as img:
                    im0 = cv2.cvtColor(np.asarray(img), cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)  # convert image to BGR nparray
            else:
                im0 = imread(path)  # BGR
            if im0 is None:
                LOGGER.warning(f"WARNING ⚠️ Image Read Error {path}")
            else:
                paths.append(path)
                imgs.append(im0)
                info.append(f"image {self.count + 1}/{self.nf} {path}: ")
            self.count += 1  # move to the next file
            if self.count >= self.ni:  # end of image list
                break

    return paths, imgs, info





ultralytics.data.loaders.LoadPilAndNumpy

LoadPilAndNumpy(im0)

Load images from PIL and Numpy arrays for batch processing.

This class manages loading and pre-processing of image data from both PIL and Numpy formats. It performs basic validation and format conversion to ensure that the images are in the required format for downstream processing.

Attributes:

Name Type Description
paths List[str]

List of image paths or autogenerated filenames.

im0 List[ndarray]

List of images stored as Numpy arrays.

mode str

Type of data being processed, set to 'image'.

bs int

Batch size, equivalent to the length of im0.

Methods:

Name Description
_single_check

Validate and format a single image to a Numpy array.

Examples:

>>> from PIL import Image
>>> import numpy as np
>>> pil_img = Image.new("RGB", (100, 100))
>>> np_img = np.random.randint(0, 255, (100, 100, 3), dtype=np.uint8)
>>> loader = LoadPilAndNumpy([pil_img, np_img])
>>> paths, images, _ = next(iter(loader))
>>> print(f"Loaded {len(images)} images")
Loaded 2 images
Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def __init__(self, im0):
    """Initializes a loader for PIL and Numpy images, converting inputs to a standardized format."""
    if not isinstance(im0, list):
        im0 = [im0]
    # use `image{i}.jpg` when Image.filename returns an empty path.
    self.paths = [getattr(im, "filename", "") or f"image{i}.jpg" for i, im in enumerate(im0)]
    self.im0 = [self._single_check(im) for im in im0]
    self.mode = "image"
    self.bs = len(self.im0)

__iter__

__iter__()

Iterates through PIL/numpy images, yielding paths, raw images, and metadata for processing.

Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def __iter__(self):
    """Iterates through PIL/numpy images, yielding paths, raw images, and metadata for processing."""
    self.count = 0
    return self

__len__

__len__()

Returns the length of the 'im0' attribute, representing the number of loaded images.

Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def __len__(self):
    """Returns the length of the 'im0' attribute, representing the number of loaded images."""
    return len(self.im0)

__next__

__next__()

Returns the next batch of images, paths, and metadata for processing.

Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def __next__(self):
    """Returns the next batch of images, paths, and metadata for processing."""
    if self.count == 1:  # loop only once as it's batch inference
        raise StopIteration
    self.count += 1
    return self.paths, self.im0, [""] * self.bs





ultralytics.data.loaders.LoadTensor

LoadTensor(im0)

A class for loading and processing tensor data for object detection tasks.

This class handles the loading and pre-processing of image data from PyTorch tensors, preparing them for further processing in object detection pipelines.

Attributes:

Name Type Description
im0 Tensor

The input tensor containing the image(s) with shape (B, C, H, W).

bs int

Batch size, inferred from the shape of im0.

mode str

Current processing mode, set to 'image'.

paths List[str]

List of image paths or auto-generated filenames.

Methods:

Name Description
_single_check

Validates and formats an input tensor.

Examples:

>>> import torch
>>> tensor = torch.rand(1, 3, 640, 640)
>>> loader = LoadTensor(tensor)
>>> paths, images, info = next(iter(loader))
>>> print(f"Processed {len(images)} images")
Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def __init__(self, im0) -> None:
    """Initialize LoadTensor object for processing torch.Tensor image data."""
    self.im0 = self._single_check(im0)
    self.bs = self.im0.shape[0]
    self.mode = "image"
    self.paths = [getattr(im, "filename", f"image{i}.jpg") for i, im in enumerate(im0)]

__iter__

__iter__()

Yields an iterator object for iterating through tensor image data.

Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def __iter__(self):
    """Yields an iterator object for iterating through tensor image data."""
    self.count = 0
    return self

__len__

__len__()

Returns the batch size of the tensor input.

Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def __len__(self):
    """Returns the batch size of the tensor input."""
    return self.bs

__next__

__next__()

Yields the next batch of tensor images and metadata for processing.

Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def __next__(self):
    """Yields the next batch of tensor images and metadata for processing."""
    if self.count == 1:
        raise StopIteration
    self.count += 1
    return self.paths, self.im0, [""] * self.bs





ultralytics.data.loaders.autocast_list

autocast_list(source)

Merges a list of sources into a list of numpy arrays or PIL images for Ultralytics prediction.

Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def autocast_list(source):
    """Merges a list of sources into a list of numpy arrays or PIL images for Ultralytics prediction."""
    files = []
    for im in source:
        if isinstance(im, (str, Path)):  # filename or uri
            files.append(Image.open(requests.get(im, stream=True).raw if str(im).startswith("http") else im))
        elif isinstance(im, (Image.Image, np.ndarray)):  # PIL or np Image
            files.append(im)
        else:
            raise TypeError(
                f"type {type(im).__name__} is not a supported Ultralytics prediction source type. \n"
                f"See https://docs.ultralytics.com/modes/predict for supported source types."
            )

    return files





ultralytics.data.loaders.get_best_youtube_url

get_best_youtube_url(url, method='pytube')

Retrieves the URL of the best quality MP4 video stream from a given YouTube video.

Parameters:

Name Type Description Default
url str

The URL of the YouTube video.

required
method str

The method to use for extracting video info. Options are "pytube", "pafy", and "yt-dlp". Defaults to "pytube".

'pytube'

Returns:

Type Description
str | None

The URL of the best quality MP4 video stream, or None if no suitable stream is found.

Examples:

>>> url = "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ"
>>> best_url = get_best_youtube_url(url)
>>> print(best_url)
https://rr4---sn-q4flrnek.googlevideo.com/videoplayback?expire=...
Notes
  • Requires additional libraries based on the chosen method: pytubefix, pafy, or yt-dlp.
  • The function prioritizes streams with at least 1080p resolution when available.
  • For the "yt-dlp" method, it looks for formats with video codec, no audio, and *.mp4 extension.
Source code in ultralytics/data/loaders.py
def get_best_youtube_url(url, method="pytube"):
    """
    Retrieves the URL of the best quality MP4 video stream from a given YouTube video.

    Args:
        url (str): The URL of the YouTube video.
        method (str): The method to use for extracting video info. Options are "pytube", "pafy", and "yt-dlp".
            Defaults to "pytube".

    Returns:
        (str | None): The URL of the best quality MP4 video stream, or None if no suitable stream is found.

    Examples:
        >>> url = "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ"
        >>> best_url = get_best_youtube_url(url)
        >>> print(best_url)
        https://rr4---sn-q4flrnek.googlevideo.com/videoplayback?expire=...

    Notes:
        - Requires additional libraries based on the chosen method: pytubefix, pafy, or yt-dlp.
        - The function prioritizes streams with at least 1080p resolution when available.
        - For the "yt-dlp" method, it looks for formats with video codec, no audio, and *.mp4 extension.
    """
    if method == "pytube":
        # Switched from pytube to pytubefix to resolve https://github.com/pytube/pytube/issues/1954
        check_requirements("pytubefix>=6.5.2")
        from pytubefix import YouTube

        streams = YouTube(url).streams.filter(file_extension="mp4", only_video=True)
        streams = sorted(streams, key=lambda s: s.resolution, reverse=True)  # sort streams by resolution
        for stream in streams:
            if stream.resolution and int(stream.resolution[:-1]) >= 1080:  # check if resolution is at least 1080p
                return stream.url

    elif method == "pafy":
        check_requirements(("pafy", "youtube_dl==2020.12.2"))
        import pafy  # noqa

        return pafy.new(url).getbestvideo(preftype="mp4").url

    elif method == "yt-dlp":
        check_requirements("yt-dlp")
        import yt_dlp

        with yt_dlp.YoutubeDL({"quiet": True}) as ydl:
            info_dict = ydl.extract_info(url, download=False)  # extract info
        for f in reversed(info_dict.get("formats", [])):  # reversed because best is usually last
            # Find a format with video codec, no audio, *.mp4 extension at least 1920x1080 size
            good_size = (f.get("width") or 0) >= 1920 or (f.get("height") or 0) >= 1080
            if good_size and f["vcodec"] != "none" and f["acodec"] == "none" and f["ext"] == "mp4":
                return f.get("url")



📅 Created 1 year ago ✏️ Updated 3 months ago