Tùy chỉnh huấn luyện viên

from ultralytics import YOLO
from ultralytics.models.yolo.detect import DetectionTrainer


class CustomTrainer(DetectionTrainer):
    """A custom trainer that extends DetectionTrainer with additional functionality."""

    pass  # Add your customizations here


model = YOLO("yolo26n.pt")
model.train(data="coco8.yaml", epochs=10, trainer=CustomTrainer)

import numpy as np

from ultralytics import YOLO
from ultralytics.models.yolo.detect import DetectionTrainer
from ultralytics.utils import LOGGER


class MetricsTrainer(DetectionTrainer):
    """Custom trainer that computes and logs F1 score at the end of each epoch."""

    def validate(self):
        """Run validation and compute per-class F1 scores."""
        metrics, fitness = super().validate()
        if metrics is None:
            return metrics, fitness

        if hasattr(self.validator, "metrics") and hasattr(self.validator.metrics, "box"):
            box = self.validator.metrics.box
            f1_per_class = box.f1
            class_indices = box.ap_class_index
            names = self.validator.names

            valid_f1 = f1_per_class[f1_per_class > 0]
            mean_f1 = np.mean(valid_f1) if len(valid_f1) > 0 else 0.0

            LOGGER.info(f"Mean F1 Score: {mean_f1:.4f}")
            per_class_str = [
                f"{names[i]}: {f1_per_class[j]:.3f}" for j, i in enumerate(class_indices) if f1_per_class[j] > 0
            ]
            LOGGER.info(f"Per-class F1: {per_class_str}")

        return metrics, fitness


model = YOLO("yolo26n.pt")
model.train(data="coco8.yaml", epochs=5, trainer=MetricsTrainer)

import torch
from torch import nn

from ultralytics import YOLO
from ultralytics.models.yolo.detect import DetectionTrainer
from ultralytics.nn.tasks import DetectionModel
from ultralytics.utils import RANK
from ultralytics.utils.loss import E2ELoss, v8DetectionLoss


class WeightedDetectionLoss(v8DetectionLoss):
    """Detection loss with class weights applied to BCE classification loss."""

    def __init__(self, model, class_weights=None, tal_topk=10, tal_topk2=None):
        """Initialize loss with optional per-class weights for BCE."""
        super().__init__(model, tal_topk=tal_topk, tal_topk2=tal_topk2)
        if class_weights is not None:
            self.bce = nn.BCEWithLogitsLoss(
                pos_weight=class_weights.to(self.device),
                reduction="none",
            )


class WeightedE2ELoss(E2ELoss):
    """E2E Loss with class weights for YOLO26."""

    def __init__(self, model, class_weights=None):
        """Initialize E2E loss with weighted detection loss."""

        def weighted_loss_fn(model, tal_topk=10, tal_topk2=None):
            return WeightedDetectionLoss(model, class_weights=class_weights, tal_topk=tal_topk, tal_topk2=tal_topk2)

        super().__init__(model, loss_fn=weighted_loss_fn)


class WeightedDetectionModel(DetectionModel):
    """Detection model that uses class-weighted loss."""

    def init_criterion(self):
        """Initialize weighted loss criterion with per-class weights."""
        class_weights = torch.ones(self.nc)
        class_weights[0] = 2.0  # upweight class 0
        class_weights[1] = 3.0  # upweight rare class 1
        return WeightedE2ELoss(self, class_weights=class_weights)


class WeightedTrainer(DetectionTrainer):
    """Trainer that returns a WeightedDetectionModel."""

    def get_model(self, cfg=None, weights=None, verbose=True):
        """Return a WeightedDetectionModel."""
        model = WeightedDetectionModel(cfg, nc=self.data["nc"], verbose=verbose and RANK == -1)
        if weights:
            model.load(weights)
        return model


model = YOLO("yolo26n.pt")
model.train(data="coco8.yaml", epochs=10, trainer=WeightedTrainer)

from ultralytics import YOLO
from ultralytics.models.yolo.detect import DetectionTrainer


class CustomSaveTrainer(DetectionTrainer):
    """Trainer that saves the best model based on mAP@0.5 instead of default fitness."""

    def validate(self):
        """Override fitness to use mAP@0.5 for best model selection."""
        metrics, fitness = super().validate()
        if metrics:
            fitness = metrics.get("metrics/mAP50(B)", fitness)
            if self.best_fitness is None or fitness > self.best_fitness:
                self.best_fitness = fitness
        return metrics, fitness


model = YOLO("yolo26n.pt")
model.train(data="coco8.yaml", epochs=20, trainer=CustomSaveTrainer)

from ultralytics import YOLO
from ultralytics.models.yolo.detect import DetectionTrainer
from ultralytics.utils import LOGGER

FREEZE_EPOCHS = 5


def unfreeze_backbone(trainer):
    """Callback to unfreeze all layers after FREEZE_EPOCHS."""
    if trainer.epoch == FREEZE_EPOCHS:
        LOGGER.info(f"Epoch {trainer.epoch}: Unfreezing all layers for fine-tuning")
        for name, param in trainer.model.named_parameters():
            if not param.requires_grad:
                param.requires_grad = True
                LOGGER.info(f"  Unfroze: {name}")
        trainer.freeze_layer_names = [".dfl"]


class FreezingTrainer(DetectionTrainer):
    """Trainer with backbone freezing for first N epochs."""

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        """Initialize and register the unfreeze callback."""
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.add_callback("on_train_epoch_start", unfreeze_backbone)


model = YOLO("yolo26n.pt")
model.train(data="coco8.yaml", epochs=20, freeze=10, trainer=FreezingTrainer)

import torch

from ultralytics import YOLO
from ultralytics.models.yolo.detect import DetectionTrainer
from ultralytics.utils import LOGGER
from ultralytics.utils.torch_utils import unwrap_model


class PerLayerLRTrainer(DetectionTrainer):
    """Trainer with different learning rates for backbone and head."""

    def build_optimizer(self, model, name="auto", lr=0.001, momentum=0.9, decay=1e-5, iterations=1e5):
        """Build optimizer with separate learning rates for backbone and head."""
        backbone_params = []
        head_params = []

        for k, v in unwrap_model(model).named_parameters():
            if not v.requires_grad:
                continue
            is_backbone = any(k.startswith(f"model.{i}.") for i in range(10))
            if is_backbone:
                backbone_params.append(v)
            else:
                head_params.append(v)

        backbone_lr = lr * 0.1

        optimizer = torch.optim.AdamW(
            [
                {"params": backbone_params, "lr": backbone_lr, "weight_decay": decay},
                {"params": head_params, "lr": lr, "weight_decay": decay},
            ],
        )

        LOGGER.info(
            f"PerLayerLR optimizer: backbone ({len(backbone_params)} params, lr={backbone_lr}) "
            f"| head ({len(head_params)} params, lr={lr})"
        )
        return optimizer


model = YOLO("yolo26n.pt")
model.train(data="coco8.yaml", epochs=20, trainer=PerLayerLRTrainer)

from ultralytics import YOLO

model = YOLO("yolo26n.pt")
model.train(data="coco8.yaml", trainer=MyCustomTrainer)

model.train(data="coco8.yaml", box=10.0, cls=1.5, dfl=2.0)