하이퍼파라미터 진화

git clone https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov5  # clone
cd yolov5
pip install -r requirements.txt  # install

# YOLOv5 🚀 by Ultralytics, AGPL-3.0 license
# Hyperparameters for low-augmentation COCO training from scratch
# python train.py --batch 64 --cfg yolov5n6.yaml --weights '' --data coco.yaml --img 640 --epochs 300 --linear
# See tutorials for hyperparameter evolution https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov5#tutorials

lr0: 0.01  # initial learning rate (SGD=1E-2, Adam=1E-3)
lrf: 0.01  # final OneCycleLR learning rate (lr0 * lrf)
momentum: 0.937  # SGD momentum/Adam beta1
weight_decay: 0.0005  # optimizer weight decay 5e-4
warmup_epochs: 3.0  # warmup epochs (fractions ok)
warmup_momentum: 0.8  # warmup initial momentum
warmup_bias_lr: 0.1  # warmup initial bias lr
box: 0.05  # box loss gain
cls: 0.5  # cls loss gain
cls_pw: 1.0  # cls BCELoss positive_weight
obj: 1.0  # obj loss gain (scale with pixels)
obj_pw: 1.0  # obj BCELoss positive_weight
iou_t: 0.20  # IoU training threshold
anchor_t: 4.0  # anchor-multiple threshold
# anchors: 3  # anchors per output layer (0 to ignore)
fl_gamma: 0.0  # focal loss gamma (efficientDet default gamma=1.5)
hsv_h: 0.015  # image HSV-Hue augmentation (fraction)
hsv_s: 0.7  # image HSV-Saturation augmentation (fraction)
hsv_v: 0.4  # image HSV-Value augmentation (fraction)
degrees: 0.0  # image rotation (+/- deg)
translate: 0.1  # image translation (+/- fraction)
scale: 0.5  # image scale (+/- gain)
shear: 0.0  # image shear (+/- deg)
perspective: 0.0  # image perspective (+/- fraction), range 0-0.001
flipud: 0.0  # image flip up-down (probability)
fliplr: 0.5  # image flip left-right (probability)
mosaic: 1.0  # image mosaic (probability)
mixup: 0.0  # image mixup (probability)
copy_paste: 0.0  # segment copy-paste (probability)

def fitness(x):
    # Model fitness as a weighted combination of metrics
    w = [0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 0.9]  # weights for [P, R, mAP@0.5, mAP@0.5:0.95]
    return (x[:, :4] * w).sum(1)

python train.py --epochs 10 --data coco128.yaml --weights yolov5s.pt --cache

# Single-GPU
python train.py --epochs 10 --data coco128.yaml --weights yolov5s.pt --cache --evolve

# Multi-GPU
for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7; do
  sleep $(expr 30 \* $i) &&  # 30-second delay (optional)
  echo 'Starting GPU '$i'...' &&
  nohup python train.py --epochs 10 --data coco128.yaml --weights yolov5s.pt --cache --device $i --evolve > evolve_gpu_$i.log &
done

# Multi-GPU bash-while (not recommended)
for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7; do
  sleep $(expr 30 \* $i) &&  # 30-second delay (optional)
  echo 'Starting GPU '$i'...' &&
  "$(while true; do nohup python train.py... --device $i --evolve 1 > evolve_gpu_$i.log; done)" &
done

# YOLOv5 Hyperparameter Evolution Results
# Best generation: 287
# Last generation: 300
#    metrics/precision,       metrics/recall,      metrics/mAP_0.5, metrics/mAP_0.5:0.95,         val/box_loss,         val/obj_loss,         val/cls_loss
#              0.54634,              0.55625,              0.58201,              0.33665,             0.056451,             0.042892,             0.013441

lr0: 0.01  # initial learning rate (SGD=1E-2, Adam=1E-3)
lrf: 0.2  # final OneCycleLR learning rate (lr0 * lrf)
momentum: 0.937  # SGD momentum/Adam beta1
weight_decay: 0.0005  # optimizer weight decay 5e-4
warmup_epochs: 3.0  # warmup epochs (fractions ok)
warmup_momentum: 0.8  # warmup initial momentum
warmup_bias_lr: 0.1  # warmup initial bias lr
box: 0.05  # box loss gain
cls: 0.5  # cls loss gain
cls_pw: 1.0  # cls BCELoss positive_weight
obj: 1.0  # obj loss gain (scale with pixels)
obj_pw: 1.0  # obj BCELoss positive_weight
iou_t: 0.20  # IoU training threshold
anchor_t: 4.0  # anchor-multiple threshold
# anchors: 3  # anchors per output layer (0 to ignore)
fl_gamma: 0.0  # focal loss gamma (efficientDet default gamma=1.5)
hsv_h: 0.015  # image HSV-Hue augmentation (fraction)
hsv_s: 0.7  # image HSV-Saturation augmentation (fraction)
hsv_v: 0.4  # image HSV-Value augmentation (fraction)
degrees: 0.0  # image rotation (+/- deg)
translate: 0.1  # image translation (+/- fraction)
scale: 0.5  # image scale (+/- gain)
shear: 0.0  # image shear (+/- deg)
perspective: 0.0  # image perspective (+/- fraction), range 0-0.001
flipud: 0.0  # image flip up-down (probability)
fliplr: 0.5  # image flip left-right (probability)
mosaic: 1.0  # image mosaic (probability)
mixup: 0.0  # image mixup (probability)
copy_paste: 0.0  # segment copy-paste (probability)